一种基于点云法向量的基准特征提取与倾斜分析方法     

孙文潇  王健  靳奉祥  梁周雁 《测绘通报》2019,(3):155-158,162

针对目前将三维激光扫描技术应用于变形监测领域存在基准特征难以提取、点云数据分析缺乏适用的方法等问题，本文提出了一种基于点云法向量的基准特征提取与形变分析方法。首先利用局部平面拟合方法获得点云的法向量，并沿点云法矢方向探测基准点；然后利用三次B样条曲线对探测的正确基准点进行拟合；最后根据拟合曲线计算基准高程和对径点倾斜角分析基准特征形变信息。对某化工厂的罐体点云数据进行基准特征提取结果表明，该方法可以快速、全面地获取监测对象的整体信息，且能够正确分析监测对象的基准形变。  相似文献   

多尺度邻域特征下的机载LiDAR点云电力线分类   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王艳军  李凯  路立娟 《测绘通报》2019,(4):21-25

利用机载激光雷达技术三维测量精度高且获取快速的优点进行电力线自动分类提取已成为点云数据处理与电力应用的重要领域。针对电力线分类模型的自动化和高精度需求，本文提出了基于三维多尺度邻域特征的机载LiDAR点云电力线分类提取模型框架，主要包括4个步骤：电力线候选点滤波、多尺度邻域类型选取、形状结构特征提取和支持向量机分类。通过对2个复杂城市区域的试验数据集和8种不同邻域类型的详细结果对比分析，发现基于多尺度圆球邻域形状结构特征的分类模型结果准确率、召回率和质量分别达到97%、94%和93%，同时整体处理时间在2个试验数据中分别从366、256 s减少到274、160 s。试验结果表明，该方法在多种复杂城市场景中能够实现机载LiDAR数据的电力线较高精度分类提取。  相似文献   

长白山景区旅游安全风险动态评价研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙滢悦  杨青山  陈鹏 《地理科学》2019,39(5):770-778

以长白山景区旅游安全为研究对象,以鱼骨图、动态贝叶斯、GIS技术等为基本研究方法,从研究区自然环境、社会环境及责任人为3个方面出发,筛选景区致险因子,构建景区旅游安全风险危险性评价指标体系,利用动态贝叶斯方法综合构建景区旅游安全风险动态评价模型;并以实测数据及景区统计数据为依据,划分景区旅游安全风险评价的4个动态时段,综合实现景区旅游安全风险动态风险评价。研究结果表明：① 中等以上风险区域呈条带状分布;② 高风险区域与主要景点重合;③ 长白山景区安全风险发生高概率的时段发生在第三个时段（12:00~14:00）;较高概率发生分别在第二个时段（10:00~12:00）与第四个时段（14:00~16:00）;中等概率发生较高的时段在第四个时段（14:00~16:00）;较低概率发生在第一个时段（8:00~10:00）。  相似文献   

Distinction,cohesion and the social networks of Australia’s elite suburbs     

Ilan Wiesel 《Urban geography》2019,40(4):445-466

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Configurations of community in flood risk management     

Aleksi Räsänen  Vera Kauppinen  Sirkku Juhola  Gunhild Setten  Haakon Lein 《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2020,74(3):165-180

ABSTRACT

Despite a notable increase in the literature on community resilience, the notion of ‘community’ remains underproblematised. This is evident within flood risk management (FRM) literature, in which the understanding and roles of communities may be acknowledged but seldom discussed in any detail. The purpose of the article is to demonstrate how community networks are configured by different actors, whose roles and responsibilities span spatial scales within the context of FRM. Accordingly, the authors analyse findings from semi-structured interviews, policy documents, and household surveys from two flood prone areas in Finnish Lapland. The analysis reveals that the ways in which authorities, civil society, and informal actors take on multiple roles are intertwined and form different types of networks. By implication, the configuration of community is fuzzy, elusive and situated, and not confined to a fixed spatiality. The authors discuss the implications of the complex nature of community for FRM specifically, and for community resilience more broadly. They conclude that an analysis of different actors across scales contributes to an understanding of the configuration of community, including community resilience, and how the meaning of community takes shape according to the differing aims of FRM in combination with differing geographical settings.  相似文献   

结合图像增强和恢复的增强现实跟踪注册     

郭士祥  范铀  范冲 《测绘通报》2020,(8):39

增强现实中的跟踪注册技术一直是研究的重点和难点，而地下矿道和巷道内亮度低，产生的图像较昏暗，车载相机快速运动和抖动，对传统的基于特征匹配的跟踪注册提出了挑战。本文从提高增强现实中跟踪注册稳健性和精度出发，采用基于Retinex改进的方法增强昏暗图像的亮度，同时利用基于对抗神经网络的方法恢复运动模糊图像。首先提取图像ORB特征，实现初始化；然后根据跟踪特征点的数量，开启图像增强和图像恢复线程，提高特征点提取质量和数量。在数据集和真实模拟场景下的试验结果显示，跟踪精度提高了12%左右，在低亮度和含有轻微模糊的情况下，跟踪注册稳健性也有显著提高。  相似文献   

基于计算机视觉的头足类角质颚特征研究Ⅰ:轮廓与特征点提取     

贺芊菡  孙翁杰  刘必林  孔祥洪  林龙山 《海洋与湖沼》2020,51(6):1493-1500

轮廓与特征点研究是头足类角质颚形态特征鉴别的基本方法，对于轮廓与特征点的提取最常用的方法是手动描绘与标定，利用计算机视觉进行轮廓与特征点的提取，不仅可以降低手动提取带来的误差、提高准确性，而且更加快速、便捷。文章将利用计算机视觉提取头足类角质颚的轮廓与特征点，首先将自制装置拍摄得到的角质颚三视图放入MTALAB软件中进行编程处理，然后利用Canny算法提取角质颚轮廓，最后根据地标点的定义标定特征点位置并建立空间坐标系得到角质颚的特征点坐标。研究结果显示，利用计算机视觉提取角质颚的轮廓图像以及特征点坐标是可行的，当标准差σ取值为0.1时角质颚轮廓图效果最佳，在得到的轮廓图上进行特征点的标定，通过迭代遍历轮廓图获得各个特征点的空间坐标。研究分析认为，将计算机视觉应用于头足类角质颚形态学的研究可以提高研究的便捷性，同时也为后续的研究提供了新的实验思路和方法。  相似文献   

VGI and crowdsourced data credibility analysis using spam email detection techniques   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Saman Koswatte  Xiaoye Liu 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2018,11(5):520-532

Volunteered geographic information (VGI) can be considered a subset of crowdsourced data (CSD) and its popularity has recently increased in a number of application areas. Disaster management is one of its key application areas in which the benefits of VGI and CSD are potentially very high. However, quality issues such as credibility, reliability and relevance are limiting many of the advantages of utilising CSD. Credibility issues arise as CSD come from a variety of heterogeneous sources including both professionals and untrained citizens. VGI and CSD are also highly unstructured and the quality and metadata are often undocumented. In the 2011 Australian floods, the general public and disaster management administrators used the Ushahidi Crowd-mapping platform to extensively communicate flood-related information including hazards, evacuations, emergency services, road closures and property damage. This study assessed the credibility of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation’s Ushahidi CrowdMap dataset using a Naïve Bayesian network approach based on models commonly used in spam email detection systems. The results of the study reveal that the spam email detection approach is potentially useful for CSD credibility detection with an accuracy of over 90% using a forced classification methodology.  相似文献   

Region of interest extraction via common salient feature analysis and feedback reinforcement strategy for remote sensing images     

Libao Zhang  Qiaoyue Sun  Jue Zhang 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2018,55(5):745-762

Saliency detection is an effective approach to extract regions of interest (ROIs) for remote sensing images. However, existing saliency detection models mainly focus on ROI extraction from a single image and usually are not able to produce satisfactory results because of complex background interference in remote sensing images. The employment of mutual information in a set of remote sensing images can provide an effective solution to this issue. In this paper, we propose a novel saliency detection model for multiple remote sensing images to simultaneously extract ROIs and identify images without ROIs. First, common salient feature analysis based on synthesized feature clustering and global contrast is implemented to exploit global correspondence in the synthesis feature domain, thereby highlighting preliminary ROIs against background interference and assigning lower saliency values to images without ROIs. Then, we design an exclusion criterion based on saliency value judgment to remove images without ROIs, and the remaining saliency maps are refined by an enhancement strategy. Finally, the enhanced maps serve as a feedback to yield a homogenous synthesized feature space in which integral ROIs with subtle borders are extracted by the reused cluster-based saliency calculation. Experiments reveal that our model outperforms seven state-of-the-art models by achieving the best ROC curve (AUC = 0.945) and maximal F-measure at 0.729.  相似文献   

波浪在珊瑚岸礁礁坪上传播变形的数值研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈洪洲  毕春伟  高俊亮 《水科学进展》2018,29(2):252-259

波浪的传播变形对珊瑚岛礁附近的营养物质输送以及近岸珊瑚沙运动都起着关键的作用,同时也是礁盘顶部建筑物在设计和施工过程中需要重点考虑的因素,因此,对波浪在礁坪上的传播变形进行研究具有重要意义。利用FUNWAVE 2.0数值模型模拟了不规则波浪在不同形状岸礁上的传播变形过程,讨论了礁前斜坡坡度以及珊瑚底面粗糙程度对波浪在礁坪上传播变形的影响。结果显示,随着礁坡斜率增大,不对称度参数绝对值的增长趋势逐渐变缓,波浪在光滑礁坪上的不对称度绝对值要略大于粗糙底面上的值,而不同地形下计算得到的波浪偏度参数则基本相同。说明礁坡坡度对波浪的不对称度特征具有显著影响,礁坪粗糙度的影响则相对较小,而上述因素对波浪偏度的影响则完全可以忽略。给出了考虑这两个影响因素的礁坪区域内波浪偏度和不对称度经验公式。  相似文献